Egypt lacks fine wood, and around 3500 BCE, the Egyptians began conserving the wood they did have by gluing thin sheets of high quality wood over lower quality, more readily available wood. The ancient Egyptians were the first people known to make use of plywood. Plywood (invented by the Egyptians, approx. The final product could be more than the sum of the properties of its components magically producing the something like, How could 1+1=3 ?! Improved specific properties compared to original componentsĪssociation of multiple different materials, provide improved specific properties, not obtainable by any of the original components acting alone. When designed properly, the new combined material exhibits better strength than would each individual material.įour basic categories of structural materials : The matrix holds the reinforcement to form the desired shape while the reinforcement improves the overall mechanical properties of the matrix. Generally, a composite material is composed of reinforcement (fibers, particles, flakes, and/or fillers) embedded in a matrix (polymers, metals, or ceramics). If the composition occurs on a microscopic scale (molecular level), the new material is then called an alloy for metals or a polymer for plastics. For example, concrete is made up of cement, sand, stones, and water. Great fatigue endurance especially for aramide and carbon reinforced epoxies, compared with metals, etc.Ī typical composite material is a system of materials composing of two or more materials (mixed and bonded) on a macroscopic scale.Aramide and Carbon Fiber reinforced epoxies have approx. Higher specific strength (material strength/density material).Fibrous composites are more versatile than metals and can be tailored to meet performance needs and complex design requirements.Materials habits are also determined by production/curing process.End material is formed during production process, in most cases in the end form of the product.Metals have in general an Isotropic behavior, which means that their habits are in all directions the same.
The basic difference of composite materials with by examples metals is that they have a An-Isotropic behavior, which means that the habits of the composite material or formed laminate are directional depended. Normally, the components can be physically identified and exhibit an interface between one another. The constituents retain their identities: that is, they do not dissolve or merge completely into one another although they act in concert. What are composite materials (definition)?Ī combination of two or more materials (reinforcing elements, fillers and composite matrix binder) differing in form or composition on a macro-scale.
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